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The History Of Medical Compromised Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

string(192) undermentioned conditions would you say you are 3 % prone to decrease by a needle stick? Hepatitis D Hepatitis C Hepatitis B Hiv Right Answers: Choice B Hepatitis C is contracted # % by needle sticks. Right Answer: Choice An is, fitting to wikpedia, side effects are abstract infirmities of the patient, for example, concern, energy, or harming, ordinarily non emotional to check by the analyzer, specialist, tooth specialist, or other medicinal services proficient. Answer decisions B to D are marks. Referemce: hypertext move convention:/en. We will compose a custom article test on The History Of Medical Compromised Health And Social Care Essay or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now wikipedia.org/wiki/Symptom 2. Which of the adherents is the greater part of import during an underlying patient rating? Basic Signs Building up Rapport Sexual History Boss Ailment Right Answer: pick B, during an underlying patient connection with a clinician it is basic to set up good reverberation that will let the patient to gracefully inside informations about their clinical history that ca n’t set up in diagrams or examinations. Decisions A C and D will ne’er occur without the trust of the doctor.Reference: Eval/Risk Assessment Dr. G. Davis An in any case sound patient who smokes a large portion of a unit of final resting place nails a twenty-four hours has which ASA arrangement? ASA I ASAII ASA III ASA IV Right Answer: Choice B, ASA II is a patient with a mellow foundational sickness. For case: tobacco clients, least assimilating, pregnant, meatiness, great controlled hypertension, and minor lung illness. ASA I are sound non-smokers or least consumers. ASA III are patients with horrible foundational ailment non handicapping ; for representation, diabetes, poorly controlled hypertension, and inaccessible history of myocardial localized necrosis. ASA IV show restraint toward horrendous foundational ailment that is an immutable threat to life. Notice: American Society of Anesthesiology. hypertext move convention:/learnanesthesia.blogspot.com/p/blog-page.html Subsequent to sing your patient ‘s bird’s-eye radiogram, you find and analyze the nearness of calcified atheromas in her carotid arterias. What measure would it be advisable for you to take following? Proceed with dental mediation in light of the fact that there is no interest to be concerned Notice the patient to her essential consideration specialist Motivation to hold the atheromas evacuated by an unwritten sawbones Overlook the find since it is past your scope of readiness Right Answer: Choice B, if a clinician sees oppositive discoveries that could be imperiling to the patient ‘s life they are to in a split second notice the patient to their essential consideration specialist. Decisions A, C and D could take to an ominous outcome for either the clinician or patient. Notice: Evaluation A ; Risk Assessment slide 14 Dr. Davis In which of the undermentioned classs should a patient ‘s primary affliction be composed? Abstract Point Evaluation Arranged Right Answer: Choice A, the abstract piece of a SOAP note clarifies the patient ‘s primary disease. Target some portion of a SOAP note is for basic imprints, medication, and different imprints saw by the clinician. Appraisal is for the clinician diagnosing. Plan is for mediation done during the task and any future intercession booked. Notice: Evaluation A ; Risk Assessment slide 18 Dr. G Davis Which of the undermentioned conditions don't require anti-infection prophylaxis? Counterfeit chest valves Mitral Valve Stenosis Inherent chest deserts Hip supplanting a half year prior Right Answer: B, Mitral valve injury. Cardiovascular conditions related with the most noteworthy peril of foreboding outcome from endocarditis for which prophylaxis with dental processs is prescribed orchestrating to the American Heart Association. Prosthetic Cardiac Valve, # 2 Previous Infective Endocarditis # 3 Congenital Heart Disease, Cardiac Transplantation, Dental Management of the Medically undermined quiet, page 28, BOX 2-1. Mitral valve Stenosis isn't one of these Conditionss Which of the undermentioned operators is utilized to pull off a patient with an overdose of Coumadin? Naloxone Water Mephyton Disulfiram Naltrexone Right Answer: Choice B is utilized to deal with Coumadin overdose. Decision An isn't right on the grounds that is utilized to change by inversion the impacts of respiratory sorrow overdose. Decision C is utilized for intoxicant overdose and pick D, Naltrexone has comparative result to Narcan, in that is It is utilized for taking care of ceaseless liquor habit and for fast narcotic detoxification. Lippincott ‘s Illustrated Reviews ; Pharmacology third version. Which of the undermentioned speaks to a perfect thrombocyte checks? 50,000 100,000 300,000 500,000 Right Answer: Choice C, typical thrombocyte tallies is 150,000-400,000. Notice: chmaier AH. Research facility rating of styptic and thrombotic upsets. In: Hoffman R, Benz EJ Jr, Shattil SJ, et Al, touchy identification frameworks. Hoffman Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice. fifth erectile brokenness. Philadelphia, Pa: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier ; 2008: individual 122. What is the INR of an ordinary sound patient? 0 1 2 3 4 Notice: Dr. Davis said this in a discussion. Which of the undermentioned medications will follow in respiratory sadness during an overdose? Benzodiazepines Barbiturates Nonsteroidal calming Albuterol Right Answer: Choice B, Barbiturates stifle the hypoxic and chemoreceptor reaction to CO2 and overdose is trailed by respiratory sadness and perish. Notice: A Miller LG, Deutsch SI, Greenblatt DJ, Paul SM, Shader RI ( 1988 ) . â€Å" Acute barbiturate removal expands benzodiazepine receptor official in vivo † .Psychopharmacology ( Berl. ) A 96A ( 3 ) : 385-90. What is another name for quick outside breath? Tachypnea Diaphoretic Tachycardia Ptyalism Right Answer: Choice An, orchestrating to wikipedia, from the Greek word reference tachy implies quick and pena organizations take a relaxing. An inappropriate picks, sudorific: extreme sweat. Tachycardia: Increase Heart Rate, ptyalism: additional spit. Notice: Wikipedia endorsers. â€Å" Diaphoresis. † Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 8 Jan. 2013. Web. 7 Feb. 2013. Which of the undermentioned speaks to a manifestation of dynamic TB disease? Night Sweats Xerostomia Malena Atelectasis Right Answer: Choice An, expressed in classification reading material: Dental Management of the Medically Compromised Patient, page 117. Decision B, Xerostomia is normal among immune system, for example, Sjorgen. Decision C, alludes the demonstration of fecal issues because of GI shed blooding. Atelectasis is the surrender of the lungs because of hapless wetting specialist or squamous cell carcinoma. Refrence: hypertext move convention:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melena hypertext move convention:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atelectasis # Causes and hypertext move convention:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xerostomia Which of the devotees has a typical degree which last somewhere in the range of eleven and sixteen seconds? Prothrombin Time Incomplete Thromboplastin Time Draining Time All above Right Answers: Choice A, the ordinary PT cut is 11-15. Decision B, PTT cut is 20-35 seconds and discharge cut if from 2-7 proceedingss. Which of the undermentioned conditions would you say you are 3 % liable to decrease by a needle stick? Hepatitis D Hepatitis C Hepatitis B Hiv Right Answers: Choice B Hepatitis C is contracted # % by needle sticks. An inappropriate answers of hepatitis B and HIV per centums are 30 % and.3 % severally. Notice: As expressed in classification: Class Discussion, Dr. Davis. Which of the accompanying qualities speak to a typical solid degree for HbA1c? 4 % 6.5 % 7 % 10 % Right Answer: Choice An, a typical HbA1c 4 % - 5.9 % . Notice: Wikipedia supporters. â€Å" Glycated hemoglobin. † Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 29 Jan. 2013. Web. 7 Feb. 2013. Which of the undermentioned conditions won't take to nephritic disappointment? Fundamental lupus erythematosus Earthy colored ‘s Tumor of hyperparathyroidism Glomerulonephritis Hypertension Right Answer: Choice B, Brown ‘s Tumor is a status related with nephritic disappointment, all things considered it does non take to it. Notice: Dental Management of the Medically Compromise Patient, page 181 What is the term to a transplant from a vague twin? Autograft Homograft Isograft Heterograft Right Answer Choice C ; isograft is a transplant of tissue between two people who are hereditarily vague. An autoplasty is the organ transplant of assortment meats, tissues or even proteins from one part of the natural structure to another in a similar individual. An allograft is the organ transplant of cells, tissues, or assortment meats, to a recipient from a hereditarily non-indistinguishable provider of similar species. A heterograft is the organ transplant of life cells, tissues or assortment meats starting with one animal varieties then onto the next. Notice: Wikipedia. hypertext move convention:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isograft Which of the undermentioned speak to a typical side result of the medication Rifadin? Addictive belongingss Red piss Reduction Oxygen impregnation Obscured vision Right Answer: Choice B is correct. Rifampin is a strongly rosy strong, and the little division which arrives at natural structure liquids is known for leaving an innocuous red-orange shading to the piss ( and to a lesser degree, other than sweat and cryings ) of clients, for a couple of hours after a measurements. Notice: Wikipedia. hypertext move convention:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rifampin Which of the undermentioned proclamations should a clinician support in head while using a throb oximeter? The use of heartbeat oximeters opens patients to additional radiation Heartbeat oximeters ought to non be utilized on dialysis patients Heartbeat oximeter perusing have a postponed criticism Never topographic point a heartbeat oximeter on the patient ‘s forefinger Right r

RIP Tin House Legendary Literary Magazine to End Print Run

RIP Tin House Legendary Literary Magazine to End Print Run As a young creative writing student,  Tin House was the first literary magazine a professor ever gave me, and it was the first lit mag I ever purchased for myself. The magazine itself has a particular feel like no other. Its sturdy but soft. The cover, always beautifully illustrated, is printed on velvety, matte paper, and the pages themselves are sturdy, detailed, and always,  always readable. For the connoisseur of books and paper, each issue of Tin House is a work of art. But  Tin Houses legacy of producing one of Americas best literary magazines is coming to an end. This week, publisher and editor-in-chief Win McCormack announced that the 20th Anniversary issue of Tin House, which will be published in June 2019, will be the magazines last. McCormack writes: Given the current costs of producing a print literary magazine, I have decided to shift resources to Tin House’s other two divisions: Tin House Books and the Tin House Workshop. This will allow the workshop to create more scholarship opportunities for its participants and expand the scope of what types of classes it offers, while our book division will look to publish more titles in the coming years. We will continue to publish original fiction, nonfiction, and poetry online at tinhouse.com, with a focus on publishing new voices, a cause the magazine championed throughout its 20-year history. Its true that Tin House publishes some truly gorgeous  books. They have put out some of my favorite poetry collections in recent years, like Erica Dawsons  When Rap Spoke Straight to God and Morgan Parkers  There Are More Beautiful Things Than Beyonce.   But its also true that their magazine has launched careers and shared new writers with the world. For many writers,  myself included,  Tin House was a holy grail. What We Lose Without Tin house During its 20-year run,  Tin House has published literary heavyweights. Just in the past few years, they have featured work from Carmen Maria Machado, Camille Bordas,  Tracy K. Smith, Aimee Bender, Sarah Manguso, Leslie Jamison, and Kaveh Akbar. Every issue is nothing short of a literary smorgasbord, a pure delight. Publishing in  Tin House meant you made it. The fact that I managed to squeeze an essay into their Fall 2018 issue is now bittersweet. Only a few more writers will get to know that feeling, and the readers who will no longer see  Tin House  on the newsstand wont know how much theyre missing out. Tin House isnt the only print magazine to shutter recently. In a sad trend, it is the latest of several greats, including Glimmer Train, to shut its doors. What does this mean for literary magazine publishing? Have readers stopped reading or are our habits changing? Im not sure. What I do know is that if you want to keep seeing literary magazines in print and at the bookstore, you need to buy them. Take action to prevent the creeping death of literary magazines. Dont just lament their demise after its too late. RIP Tin House: Writers Editors React My heart just cracked in half. I love @Tin_House and, in many ways, the magazine was a crucial part of my upbringing as a writer. https://t.co/fWzBMcdG84 Saeed Jones (@theferocity) December 13, 2018 Thank you for quite literally shifting my life and opening it, Tin House. I will miss this magazine so much https://t.co/NJiSw1FIdm T Kira Madden (@TKMadden) December 13, 2018 Wow. Goodbye to the print edition of one of my favorite lit magazines. I discovered so many new writers in the pages of @Tin_House. The literary landscape will NOT be the same. Farewell, old friend. I look forward to continue reading you online. https://t.co/RJtGSVEyUZ Amy Brady (@ingredient_x) December 13, 2018 It is absolutely heartbreaking to lose this outlet. @Tin_House is one of my favorite magazines. Carmen Maria Machado (@carmenmmachado) December 13, 2018 Wow, Im really sad about @Tin_House. More so than any other publication shuttering so far, I think (and there have been so many!). But Im so glad that the press and the workshop will still exist, and I hope they flourish for a long, long time. Lilly Dancyger (@lillydancyger) December 13, 2018 It was always a dream of mine to publish there. But I also wanted to be on Charlie Rose so I guess I will live. Terese Mailhot (@TereseMarieM) December 13, 2018 Wow, Im really sad to hear this. But also @Tin_House has had one one of the greatest runs ever. So much stellar fiction and careers have come out of this magazine. One of those lit mags that helped define the last 20 years of American lit. Thank you!https://t.co/xY7QVXsMTR Lincoln Michel (@TheLincoln) December 13, 2018 Did you love  Tin House, too? Tell us about your favorite stories and poems from one of Americas greatest literary magazines. Sign up to Today In Books to receive  daily news and miscellany from the world of books.

Should Human Organs for Sale - 1685 Words

HUMAN ORGANS FOR SALE Should the sales of human organs be legally or not, it is quite difficult to find a satisfied answer to this controversial question at the moment. Although a large number of articles were written, numerous speeches were made, countless meetings were hold to discuss about this matter but until now it is still a big controversy issue all over the world. Thanks to the steadily development of scientist, technology and medicine treatment, nowadays human organ can be transplanted from one to another. As the consequence some people think that selling organs should be legalized but others claim that it must not be done because the crime rate will rise and only the rich benefit from it. However, I believe that selling human†¦show more content†¦In my opinion, the increase of crime rate or similar problems will happen for sure. Almost human never want to get hurt but they always want to be rich or have much money. Actually, the legalization of selling organs totally can not be done in the short term because most of people are aware of the huge attraction of money, a large number of people are willing to break the rule and do not care about the ethical matter. However, government can legalize the sale of human organs on the one hand and provide policy to prevent killing people for organs on the other. Each business relate to organs needs many rules and should be strict. A serious punishment will be applied with the murder and the legal may be applied in some region or countries. After a short time, it becomes success or valid then can be applied in other countries, too. In conclusion, although legalizing human organs will lead to some bad results, I still think that this policy should be applied. May be the rate of criminal or some negative matters relate to ethical will exist but plenty of patients will be saved. In many circumstances, the life of human should be priority and there always have the suitable ways to solve the disadvantages or cons of a problem. G overnment should consider carefully providing appropriate policy that can help people who are waiting for organs and can protect people partly fromShow MoreRelatedShould Human Organs for Sale?1699 Words   |  7 PagesHUMAN ORGANS FOR SALE Should the sales of human organs be legally or not, it is quite difficult to find a satisfied answer to this controversial question at the moment. Although a large number of articles were written, numerous speeches were made, countless meetings were hold to discuss about this matter but until now it is still a big controversy issue all over the world. Thanks to the steadily development of scientist, technology and medicine treatment, nowadays human organ can be transplantedRead MoreHuman Organs Should Be Sold808 Words   |  4 PagesThere is a great controversy worldwide concerning the sale of humans organs. Some people believe that humans organs should only be donated but others believe humans organs should be sold. The way that people address this issue is deeply rooted in their beliefs. It is easy for people to be against the sale of humans organs who do not have someone in their family begging for an organs transplants. For example: Imagine someone close to you, or even a member of your family needs a kidney transplant.Read MoreOrgan sale legality Essay1051 Words   |  5 Pages Legalizing the Sale of Human Organs Every 10 minutes, another person is added to the waiting list for an organ transplant. That’s 144 people every day, 52,620 people every year. And every day, 18 people die because there aren’t enough organs to go around. That is 6,570 people dying every year because they have waited too long for an organ transplant [All About Donation]. There has to be some way to prevent these innocent people from dying, and there is a way. Pretend for a moment that you’reRead MoreLegalizing the Sale of Human Organs1071 Words   |  4 PagesLegalizing the sale of human organs has become a very controversial topic in the last few decades. Transplant surgeries were becoming relatively safe to preform, which lead the transplant list to grow rapidly. The debate on how to increment the number of organs available for transplant commenced. Currently organ donations were solely dependent upon cadaveric donors and family members. This shortage has engendered an ebony market for organs sales. People are peregrinating across the country to haveRead MoreThe Sale Of Human Organs858 Words   |   4 PagesThe sale of human organs is a prevalent subject of moral exchanges that displays a civil argument that offers no trading off arrangement. Moral issues required in the selling of human organs make up its ethical issue. No argument is fully accepted when discussing the legitimation of selling human organs. I agree with the position from Savulescu’s article that individuals should be allowed to sell their organs and that it is morally permissible. Based upon figures from 2012, 95,000 Americans wereRead MoreWho Is Abused On Organ Sales?1449 Words   |  6 Pages Who Is Exploited In Organ Sales? Two and a half million people passed away in 2013 and less than 20% of those people donated their organs (www.organdonor.gov). More people should donate their organs when they are deceased. As far as the issue being fixed, more people need to be educated on organ donation and how they can save a life with their own organs, especially when they are deceased. The cause of all the people on the waiting list for an organ is because of the massive amount of transplantsRead MoreBlack Market Organ Of The United States1568 Words   |  7 PagesSelling a human organ has been a controversial subject for many years. The question arises; is it illegal to sell a human organ if it is going to save another’s life? October 2011 marks the first proven case of black market organ trafficking in the United States. Levy Izhak, a New Yorker, pled guilty in federal court for illegally expediting kidney transplants. His lawyer claimed, â€Å"the transplants were successful and the donors and recipients are now leading full and healthy lives† because ofRead MoreSale Of Organs And Its Effects On Society1417 Words   |  6 PagesSale of Organs An organ is a body tissue that helps in the general operation of the body. Selling organs is legally and morally wrong. However, some people still do that. Therefore, I believe that The law should ban people from selling their organs because each person was born with their organs. It is like property that the person should take care of. Also, organs buyers usually take advantage of the poor and weak people. I am against selling organs by all means for a number of reasons such as, theRead MoreSale of Human Organ1112 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish patients, who are on the waiting list for organs transplant, dies each year before they obtain an organ (Bates, 2011). While this number tends to rocket in not only England but also worldwide range, almost all the government still keep passing numerous policies to restrict the supply of transplant organs. Typically, they have long prohibited trafficking human organs regardless of proposals for reform. As a further work on this issue, the artic le â€Å"Sales of Kidneys Prompt New Law and Debate† fromRead MoreThe Ruling Trend Of Organ Transplants904 Words   |  4 PagesThe Ruling trend of Organ Transplants Needed Ever thought about being a hero? Or how about a life-saver? Well†¦ you can be one by being an organ donor. Twenty-two humans die, everyday, while waiting for their hero; for an organ donor to donate their organs to those in need.(AmericanTransplantFoundation.org, 2016). Since, the lack of organs is donated, people are forced to illegally buying on the black market for organs. According to CNN, â€Å"... highest demand is the kidney and black market traffickers

Negative Discovery Of Frankenstein - 1636 Words

The Frankenstein that Mary Shelley wrote about changed the perception of the story that was told to me when I was growing up and saw on television. Throughout my childhood, Frankenstein was depicted as a stiff, giant, clumsy monster with a hideous face, scarred green body and with plugs protruding from his neck. Upon reading Frankenstein, I started to view him not as a monster but as someone who was born into a tragic life full of hardships due to his appearance and not his personality. The book begins with the story of a sailor named Robert Walton as he looks for a new passage through the Arctic and relays the tale of his adventure in letters he writes to his sister. Sailing one day, the crew discovers a man nearly frozen to death along†¦show more content†¦Once home Frankenstein realizes the creature he invented is the murderer and decides that he needs to put an end to the monster. The Frankenstein s family house keeper, Justine, was accused and convicted of killing Will iam, and was put to death for her crime. Knowing that the monster he created was responsible, Victor was consumed with guilt. The monster appeared to Victor while he was grieving and demanded that he create a female version of himself so he would have a companion. If Victor did not comply with his horrible creation, the monster threatened to kill his family and friends. Victor reluctantly agreed to his ultimatum. His friend, Harvey, unknowing of the plan accompanied him on his trip back to the university to gather his equipment. Victor went to a sparsely inhabited island where he could work without being disturbed. After replicating a female version of the monster, Victor ended up destroying it. The monster witnessed this and became enraged and left. Upon returning the monster asked Victor if he was going to fulfill his promise. Victor said he would not make another demon such as himself. He told Victor he had been warned and there would be consequences. â€Å"I will be with you on your wedding-night† (pg. 123). As Victor was returning to the mainland, he discovered that his friend Harvey had been murdered, and he knew the culprit had to be the monster. Being wrongfully accused of his friend sShow MoreRelated The Dangers of Science in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Essay example1019 Words   |  5 PagesMary Shelleys Frankenstein Mary Shelleys novel Frankenstein cannot merely be read as a literary work of the early 19th century. It represents the workings of young Shelleys mind. Further, it represents the vast scientific discoveries of the time, combined with Mary Shelleys intuitive perception of science. She views science as a powerful entity, but also recognizes the dangers if uncontrolled. Shelley demonstrates this fear in the book as science drives Victor Frankenstein to create his monsterRead MoreA Caveat to the Pursuit of Knowledge1000 Words   |  4 Pagesa friend appears to be mad at you? Wouldn’t it be incredible if you had a foolproof way of finding out without having to ask? On the other hand, what if your method of magically unearthing the reason behind his or her anger also led you to the discovery that this â€Å"friend† does not, in fact, even like you at all? This kind of situation, where determining a solution may have the unintended side-effect of revealing undesirable know ledge, may occur in scientific pursuits. By its very nature, scientificRead MoreThe Pursuit Of Knowledge And Scientific Discovery1223 Words   |  5 PagesFrankenstein, written by Mary Shelley, explores the theme of the pursuit of knowledge and scientific discovery through the main characters; Victor Frankenstein, the Creature and Robert Walton. This pursuit of knowledge drives the plot of the novel, leading Victor to create the Creature in his attempt to break down the mortal barriers that surround him and unlock the secret of life. Robert Walton’s quest for discovery leads him to the North Pole, far beyond the reach of Humans at that time. UltimatelyRead MoreShelley s Views Of The Dangers Of Knowledge1679 Words   |  7 Pagesdangers of knowledge contained in her novel Frankenstein â€Å"You seek for knowledge and wisdom, as I once did; and I ardently hope that the gratification of your wishes not be a serpent to sting you, as mine had been,† this fragment of Victor Frankenstein’s conversations with Robert Walton exemplifies Mary Shelley’s views of the dangers of knowledge, in her novel, â€Å"Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus,† where main characters Robert Walton and Victor Frankenstein ruthlessly peruse knowledge. The themeRead MoreThe Consequences Of Cloning In Frankenstein By Mary Shelley1470 Words   |  6 Pagescloning, both a blessing and a curse, can possibly enable humanity to reach eternal life. An invention is the creation of a device developed after a study or an experiment, in the hopes of benefiting society. The novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley is about an inventor, Victor Frankenstein, who creates life that he later rejects. His invention results in consequences for both himself and his creation. Both cloning and the creation of the monster was made to benefit and advance society’s knowledge. CloningRead MoreVictor Frankenstein Destruction Through Discovery1746 Words   |  7 PagesLanguage 11 28 Oct. 2017 Destruction through Discovery Summarizing the theme of the novel, Victor Frankenstein stated, â€Å"If the study to which you apply yourself has a tendency to weaken your affections, and to destroy your taste for those simple pleasures in which no alloy can possibly mix, then that study is certainly unlawful, that is to say, not befitting the human mind† (34). When initially considered, the concept of â€Å"gaining knowledge† or â€Å"discovery† is generally viewed with a sense of positivityRead MoreThe Elements Of Gothic Fiction In Mary Shelleys Frankenstein1717 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Frankenstein†, written by author Mary Shelley is a classic example of literature written during the Victorian era. Simultaneously, it also constitutes a lot of elements of â€Å"Gothic Horror†. However, understanding the setting and genre of the book is crucial to enjoyment of the novel. Though, the main character of the novel - Victor Frankenstein - resides in Switzerland, the book takes place throughout many locations in the book. Some of which include, Ingolstadt, London, and Edinburgh. Moreover,Read MoreHumanity s Fault And Strength, Ambition For The Unknown1322 Words   |  6 PagesThe answer lies in the ambition to do what no one has accomplished, either in spite of upbringing, the will to pronounce uniqueness, or to accomplish something of importance in the hopes it provides advancement for humanity. For example, the book Frankenstein expels all the wrongs that can appear from tinkering with the idea of reanimation of what once died, but now walks among us once again. Reminding us of what could happen when the question of could it be done becomes more important instead of shouldRead MoreAt First Reading Mary Shelley’S Novel Frankenstein Appears1709 Words   |  7 PagesAt first reading Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein appears to be part of the gothic or horror genre, but further examination of this novel reveals many concepts and perspectives that are related to other genres of English literature. Along with possessing various conceptual ideas this novel brilliantly highlights the characteristics of men, which many authors have credited Mary Shelley’s understanding of the opposite gender as exceptional. Throughout this novel there can be identified three maleRead MoreThe Transcending of Personality: Prometheus and Frankenstein, Lord Byron and Napoleon588 Words   |  3 Pages Frankenstein by Mary Shelley exhibits an Eighteenth Century intellectual who travels into â€Å"the land of mist and snow† by assembling a creature of unimaginable size and granting it life. In the classical Greek myth Prometheus, written by Donna Rosenberg and Sorelle Baker, a powerful Titan creates mankind and provides it with fire, a gift stolen from Zeus. Prometheus and Victor Frankenstein’s character parallel each other ac ross time. Victor Frankenstein and the Greek Titan Prometheus are very similar

First “Misleading” Impressions Free Essays

Cypress Ranch High School Ms. Piotrowsky 3rd Period English K/Dual First â€Å"Misleading† Impression In Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice the most common and concurrent theme is probably the theme of first impression. The entire novel, from beginning to end, travels around conclusions made from first impressions and how, in cases, they are wrong. We will write a custom essay sample on First â€Å"Misleading† Impressions or any similar topic only for you Order Now In fact, the first proposition for the title of the novel was First Impressions not Pride and Prejudice. As the theme of the novel progresses, characters realize that their conclusions made based on first impressions were flawed. As this happens, new relationships develop. Jane Austen even makes the reader believe or create its own first impressions only to later realize that they were wrong. During this time period, the idea of wealth and class was predominant among society; therefore, most first impressions were based on the amount of money a person had or on his/her ancestry. The main theme of first impressions goes around â€Å"Elizabeth, the heroine, and Darcy, her eventual husband, the chief obstacle resides in the book’s original title: First Impressions. (Sherry, Pride and Prejudice limits of society) At the ball, Mr. Bingley encourages Mr. Darcy to dance with Elizabeth but he refuses by stating, â€Å"she is tolerable, but not handsome enough to tempt him† (Austen 13); and Elizabeth’s first impression about Mr. Darcy is that â€Å" he is proud, above his company, and above being pleased† (Austen 17). The reader understands that physical appearance is not the only factor t hat drives Mr. Darcy towards that opinion, but her lack of wealth and her vast family are. Throughout the novel the reader experiences realizations and transformations of views. At first Austen makes the reader create false impressions, just as the characters in the novel, only to later realize that the opinions the reader had about the characters were flawed. Many critics agree that â€Å"†¦In this novel by Jane Austen, we don’t only see how first impressions affect relationships, but we also see how the characters in this story experience transformation through their experiences of first impressions, pride and prejudice. † (Stasio, An Evolutionary Approach to Jane Austen). Ironically enough, Elizabeth realizes â€Å"that they had entirely mistaken Mr. Darcy’s character† (Austen 219). What at first was a feeling of string repulsion towards one another slowly became a feeling of attraction. As the novel progresses, different events occur that come to the final transformation of Elizabeth’s first impressions. She learns through different sources that Mr. Darcy is not the man she believes him to be; and that most of the rumors she has heard (from Mr. Wickham) are twisted truths. At the end, as the final process of her realization, she says that â€Å"†¦Vanity, not love, has been my folly. Pleased with the preference of one, and offended by the neglect of the other, on the very beginning of our acquaintance, I have courted prepossession [pride] and ignorance, and driven reason away where either were concerned. Till this moment, I never knew myself. † Austen contrasts the theme of first impression with the relationship that develops at the beginning of the novel between Mr. Bingley and Jane. She develops a relationship based â€Å"in a vision of love in which women and men care about each other with a passionate tenderness. Jane and Bingley have a natural compatibility for one another. † (Bonaparte, Conjecturing Possibilities) In this relationship, there are no feelings of avarice or greed because â€Å"It was generally evident, whenever they met, that he did admire her; and to her it was equally evident that Jane was yielding to the preference which she had begun to entertain for him from the first, and was in a way to be very much in love. † (Austen 22). Neither of them was worried with wealth, class or family heritage. On the other hand, Mr. Bingley’s sister, Caroline, and his friend Mr. Darcy believe that Jane’s family was not high enough in the social ladder and therefore she did not deserve him. They even tried to intervene in their relationship by breaking them up, but at the end they end up marrying each other. There is no doubt that Jane Austen wanted to install a sense of realization regarding first and false impressions in the readers mind. Pride and Prejudice helps society understand how it behaves through real life examples developed by fictional characters such as Jane, Elizabeth, Mr. Darcy, etc. Pride and Prejudice is a sign of protest Austen uses to rebel against her society and its dependence on first impressions. She tries to make us understand that almost always first impressions are wrong. However, she is not implying that society should eliminate them from society, but rather undermine and challenge them because they are not entirely true. WORKS CITED Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. 1813. New York: W. W. Norton, 2001 Bonaparte, Felicia. â€Å"CONJECTURING POSSIBILITIES: READING AND MISREADING TEXTS IN JANE AUSTEN’S PRIDE AND PREJUDICE. Pride and Prejudice. New York: W. W. Norton, 2001. Web. ;http://content. ebscohost. com/pdf10/pdf/2005/SNV/01Jun05/17682767. pdf? T=P;P=AN;K=17682767;S=R;D=a9h;EbscoContent=dGJyMNHr7ESep644v%2BbwOLCmr0mep7FSrqm4S7OWxWXS;ContentCustomer=dGJyMOzprk%2B2qLZNuePfgeyx44Dt6fIA;. Sherry, James. â€Å"Pride and Prejudice: Limits of Society. † Pride and Prejudice. New York: W. W. Norton, 2001. Web. ;http://content. ebscohost. com /pdf25_26/pdf/1979/SLT/01Sep79/4721658. pdf? T=P;P=AN;K=4721658;S=R;D=a9h;EbscoContent=dGJyMNHr7ESep644v%2BbwOLCmr0mep7FSrq64TbeWxWXS;ContentCustomer=dGJyMOzprk%2B2qLZNuePfgeyx44Dt6fIA;. Stasio, Michael J. â€Å"AN EVOLUTIONARY APPROACH TO JANE AUSTEN: PREHISTORIC PREFERENCES IN PRIDE AND PREJUDICE. † Pride and Prejudice. New York: W. W. Norton, 2001. Web. ;http://content. ebscohost. com/pdf19_22/pdf/2007/SNV/01Jun07/25902589. pdf? T=P;P=AN;K=25902589;S=R;D=a9h;EbscoContent=dGJyMNHr7ESep644v%2BbwOLCmr0mep7BSs6u4SbOWxWXS;ContentCustomer=dGJyMOzprk%2B2qLZNuePfgeyx44Dt6fIA;. How to cite First â€Å"Misleading† Impressions, Papers

My Life and Role as a Writer Essays - , Term Papers

My Life and Role as a Writer For the purposes of this paper, if I were to introduce myself it would sound like something out of an AA meeting. My name is James and I am a writer. This is simply how I see myself. I may not be good by the standards of some, but this is what I am and what I love. Writing has become a major part of my life and in many ways defines who I am in my life as I use it to define what I feel and believe in my life As I look back I cannot recall a time when I did not write. My earliest recollection of writing involved rhyming poems for second grade. I loved to write. As I entered into my secondary school years, however, my attitude changed in direct proportion to the perceived uselessness of whatever assignment I was given. My English grades suffered because I had no desire to write expository essays, or five page research papers. I was very much interested in the creative aspect of writing, but often felt a physical queasiness when I forced myself to write the assigned work. In retrospect it is bothersome that a thing I loved so dearly could cause me such anxiety. I understand the reluctance of young people to find any kind of enjoyment in the five paragraph essay, the standardized writing prompt or the mandatory theme. We have taken a thing that should be a joy and turned it into an exercise in tedium. When I first came to the university, I still harbored many of the high school attitudes. In many ways I was not prepared for college work simply because I had not disciplined myself enough to accomplish it. I had the ability and the knowledge I needed, but still refused to find relevance in what I was writing. By the time I returned to college I found new strengths in my maturity. It is a blessing to me now that I enjoy research and have found fulfillment in the creation of any kind of work. There is value in my words, regardless of how I use them. I have come to understand this and now use it on a daily basis. Relevance is not an issue now because I have discovered that what I have to say on any given topic is important and worth my work. One of my goals as a writer and as a potential teacher is to help foster this attitude in my students. I feel a good dose of hubris is a prerequisite to anyone who truly wishes to write and instilling this in a budding writer is a good thing. I need to help instill this feeling of empowerment in students that are not necessarily interested in writing as well. Even if this is not a thing they find important, they need to know that their opinions and arguments have meaning and importance and that writing is the best way to let those thoughts be known. My more personal goal as a writer is to publish. I once had a teacher who said that writing is not a masturbatory art. If you write the great American novel and toss it in your closet nothing has been accomplished. You have robbed yourself of great satisfaction, and the reading public of your art. I have written two manuscripts for novels and am presently collecting rejections slips. I have an immediate goal to surpass Bradbury?s collecti on of a thousand. I intend to submit non-fiction pieces to historic and travel magazines, working with some of the subjects I have come to love. I also intend to continue working with the Flagstaff CVB to bring the history of our town to locals and tourists.

Tolerance and Truth in America

Tolerance and Truth in America The heritage of the United States of America is founded predominantly upon a belief in God. This is evident in the ancient laws which clearly integrated a lot of religious beliefs especially in matters concerning morality. The country’s currency, the dollar, bears the religious inscription â€Å"In God we trust†.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tolerance and Truth in America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More During the founding of the United States of America, the Catholic faith seemed to be the predominant religion in the country. This Christian faith was not necessarily imposed on anyone but was recognized as the true religion hence used as a basis for most of American moral law. Over the centuries numerous faith denominations have emerged, each convinced that theirs is the true religion. The ongoing truth and tolerance debate in America arose as a result of the emerging religions and faiths that all b elieved and claimed to have the truth. Edward Kennedy, a believer in the Christian faith, strongly advocated for tolerance especially amongst Christians. He began his popular speech on truth and tolerance by confessing his faith in God and his belief in Jesus Christ. He went on to admit that he did not presume that his religion and faith were not necessarily perfect. He acknowledged that irrespective of how much he believed in truth, no religion could claim a monopoly of it. He acknowledged that pluralism does not mean that all the religions are right, but it does mean that there are areas in which government should not decide what is wrong or right for the people to think or believe. In cases of sensitive issues such as abortion, Kennedy considered it transgression for any religion to require the government to legislate on what the citizens ought to do with such personal parts of their lives. This, to him, was an act of intolerance for other religions and beliefs. He however had no thing against spreading one’s faith except that it is to be done through an appeal to individuals’ consciences and not through coercion of the power of State. Therefore, tolerance does not require that religions and faith do not express their views but that no religion should impose its will on the State or on any governing body. In this way, the church and the State will be kept peacefully separate. The reasons for drawing this line included respect for the integrity of religion and the independent judgment of conscience. According to Edward Kennedy, an example of intolerance had been the election period in 1976. Some people hinted that Jimmy Carter ought not to be elected president of the United States of America because he was a born again Christian. This, to him, was unacceptable because it is wrong to judge a person’s fitness to govern based on their religion or whom they worshiped.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help y ou! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This was a persuasive argument and made a lot of sense because every person had their own beliefs and values. Tolerance, therefore, would have the people not basing their judgment and credibility upon their religious beliefs. In conclusion, it is essential to respect the motives of those who readily and openly disagree with the State and question the public’s integrity. Sometimes questioning each other’s integrity is a sign of looking out for each other and however much we are not obligated to agree with skeptics it is important to genuinely listen to them and consider their whatever point they are trying to put across. Scholars have argued that tolerance implies contentment with not knowing the truth. When truth is made relative then its meaning is lost. It is important to respect and tolerate people with differing points of view and beliefs. This, however, should not deter citizens from earnestly seekin g the truth even when it means being shaken out of their comfort zones which, in this case, may be the different religions.

9 Creative Ideas for Teaching Time

9 Creative Ideas for Teaching Time Teaching time can be tricky and frustrating at times, but hands-on and lots of practice will help the concept stick. Judy clocks are excellent clocks for kids to use since the hour hand moves when the minute hand goes around, just like the real thing. The following ideas are from homeschoolers, teachers, and others who submitted creative teaching strategies on an online forum Make a Clock For telling time, you could make a clock, using strong paper and a brad in the middle, and practice telling time. Start with the oclock times, then move on to 30s. After that, show that the numbers around the face have the minute value which is reached when you count by 5s, and practice telling time with the minute hand on the numbers. (Make sure you progress the hour hand as you go. They need to get used to the idea that at 4:55, the hour hand will look like its on the 5.) –Anachan Start with Hours For telling time, we made a clock out of a paper plate and used a paper fastener to attach to construction paper hands. You can move the hands to demonstrate different times. I started with teaching hours (9 oclock, 10 oclock, etc.), then did quarter and half hours, and finally minute increments. –chaimsmo1 Start Later I didnt introduce time and money until toward the end of 1st grade. Its easier to understand quarter-past and half past once you have covered fractions. Of course, we talk about time and money in our daily life long before the end of first grade. –RippleRiver Telling Time Job I always ask her to provide me the time. It is just one of her jobs. It is also her job to adjust the thermostat. She will read me the numbers and I will tell her what to change it to or how many to change it by, etc. –FlattSpurAcademy Count by 5s on Watch For my son, since hed learned how to count by 5s, I taught him to count by 5s on his watch. He picked this up really well. We did have a little adjusting to do with the times that were near the next hour because it always looks like the next hour, but he learned to really pay attention to where the little hand was (just before the next number, etc.). To me, I find it confusing (and a waste) to show a breakdown of hour, half-hour, learn that, then break it down more... the same time could be spent learning the count by 5s. I havent taught him how to count by exact number yet (12:02 example), but will be doing that this year. –AprilDaisy1 Time Story Problems Personally, I wouldnt start with money and time until she has mastered counting by 5s and 10s. This way, it will become very easy for her to understand the principles in figuring out the time and amount of change, etc. My son only knew the value of coins and telling time by oclock and half-past in kindergarten. Now, he is able to make change, count change, and tell time. He is now learning how to figure out time sentence problems (e.g., How much time did it take, etc.) and he is starting 2nd grade. However, while in kindergarten and 1st grade, he was able to add and subtract very large numbers and carry-over, etc. So, dont be surprised if your child is not ready for this- especially if he/she cannot count by 5s and 10s first. –Kelhyder Teach it as it Happens Well, I have a kindergartener and were working on time and money right now. He actually is really good at time because we teach time as it happens. He realizes that his favorite show comes on at 4:00 pm, he knows that his friends come home from school at about 3:00 pm, etc. He learns because he asks. Also, when he went to visit my parents this summer, they bought him an analog watch and taught him how to tell time on it. Hes not perfect at it, but he can get it down to the hour now. But yes, time is definitely better taught as it happens. Thats also how I learned analog time when I was a kid. –Erin The Shiny Pocket Watch To teach my son to tell time, once he understood the basics, we went to a store and he picked out a pocket watch that caught his eye. I told him it was up to him to make sure we always knew the time. He was excited to have any excuse to pull out that shiny watch and use it. It reinforced his time telling skills and now every time he sees it, he can remember that special time we spent together. –Misty Name the Hands I realized it is helpful if you give the names to the following hand: Second hand Second hand (keep it the same)Big hand Minute HandSmall hand Name Hand You can explain now or later that its not really called the name hand, but it will make it easier to learn for now. Start off by teaching the time at the top of the hours. Put the clock at 3:00 and ask what number does the name hand point to? When he says, 3, say that means its 3 oclock. Next, change it to 4. Now what time does the name hand point to? etc. Mix it up after a few times. Once the child seems to understand that, ask him or her to make a time and tell you what it is. If they go to something other than an oclock, (like 3:20), feel free to tell them what time that is, but say that the big hand has to be facing up for it to be three oclock. Explain youll learn the rest of it another day (or teach it to them later after they have mastered the oclock part. Every child will be different.) –Matt Bronsil

Flexible Work Schedule and its Impact on Private Company Employee Research Proposal

Flexible Work Schedule and its Impact on Private Company Employee Performance in Saudi Arabia - Research Proposal Example In the 21st Century though, there is the need for some kind of departure from the normal 8-hour working day in a five working day need for several reasons. Bohlander & Snell (2009 p173) identifies that the departure from the normal schedule might be necessary to keep the organizational productivity high and enhance the morale of workers by giving them control over their work schedule. This is because people now have a wide array of needs and desires at different times of their lives. The typical expectations of a worker might be the need to attend to family commitments, need for leisure and pleasure to enjoy earnings and the need for social commitments like maintaining religious and extended family ties (Segev, 2005 p78). Additionally, deviation from the normal 8 to 5 work schedule allows businesses to maintain the stature of an attractive employer. This enables a business to attract the best employees on the open market. Collectively, the recruitment and selection of the best employees allows a business to attain long-term benefits for the business. Bohlander & Snell (2009 p174) identifies the concept of flexible work schedule as an attempt by a business to maintain high productivity levels whilst deviating from the traditional working-hour requirements of their employees. In other words, flexible work schedule (FWS) allows a business to set up a system which enables employees to continue working and meeting high levels of results without necessarily having to work from 8am to 5pm for five days in a week.... Bohlander & Snell (2009 p174) identify four main types of flexible work schedule. They include: 1. Compressed Workweek: This entails reducing the number of days in the workweek by lengthening the hours of work each week. Thus for example, a person might be required to work for ten hours a day and for four days in a week instead of eight hours a day for five days a week. The 4/10 work week will enable the worker to take a day off to attend to other things. 2. Flexitime: This is a system where the worker will be allowed to choose daily starting and quitting hours. Typically, the flexitime system might give the employee a range of possibilities which are negotiable, leaving peak hours or crucial hours as non-negotiable times (Liff, 2007 p74). Thus a worker can choose to start work at 6am and close at 2pm or start at 10am and close at 6pm, with each covering an 8-hour period. 3. Job sharing: This is where two part-time employees take one full time job. In this case, each of the employee might have to work for three days a week and from the synergistic efforts of the combined employees, the business would stand to gain more in terms of productivity. 4. Telecommuting: With telecommuting, an employee might be allowed to work from home. This can be attained by the use of modern real-time equipment and gadgets like computers, Internet and telephones. Through telecommuting, an employee can avoid the traffic of traditional commuting, save time and get to handle other social activities effectively. The human ecology theory of motivation suggests that individuals are affected by the external environment they operate within and this enables them to shape their inner thoughts and emotions to attain various results (Bubolz & Sontag, 1993 p2). This indicates that there

Discuss the importance of the Sahara and the Indian Ocean in ancient Essay - 2

Discuss the importance of the Sahara and the Indian Ocean in ancient African history - Essay Example Sahara region connected people from eastern, southern, central, north and some parts of western Africa. Among the countries that were touched are Kenya, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Congo, Egypt, and Nigeria among others. These countries contributed different commodities for trade according to their daily activities. For example, the southern Sahara region was a famous area in production of minerals, Egypt was well known for production of sorghum and Nigeria provided yams to the trading interaction (Giblin 10-13). These areas that were well known in production of agricultural products were part of the great hinterland that was served by the Indian Ocean. The areas were, therefore, linked to the outside world by the Indian Ocean that opened trade with Arabs and other people in the world. However, the trading interactions were not involving Africans and Arabs but Africans contributed a lot to the trade among themselves. The trading activities in that area involved exchange through barter trade of commodities that included foodstuffs and minerals as per different needs of different people in those regions. This is an evaluation of the activities that prevailed in the ancient Africa involving the Sahara Region and the Indian Ocean to inform the importance of these two features of African geography. The influence it brought to the people that lived in those areas as well as the benefits they reaped from these interactions discussed. There are things that informed the interactions between the people in these parts of Africa and were aimed at benefiting the people that engaged in them. For example, noting that most of the Sahara region is characterized by unreliable precipitation, there was serious need to get ways to acquire food that was not sufficient in those areas. For Egypt, sorghum was produced only after major floods that used to come in rare occasions. In other places, growing

Science and the Judicial System Essay -- Biology Essays Research Paper

Science and the Judicial System Science and the Judicial System are two concepts that at face value seem to be very distinct and unique in their own nature, but at their cores they share interesting similarities and connections. They each propose a different way of understanding how we comprehend and place order. In this paper I'll address my understanding of both concepts, analyze their theories, backbones and failures, and then bring them both together through connections hopefully to support my idea that they are both inextricably connected to what we call life and its relationship to the human mind. Science is a controversial subject very much like Judicial System. Although Science is largely composed of observation, experiments and their results, it raises controversy because imagination and perspective play a key role in those interpretations. As we know that imagination and perspective vary with each person due to education, background, and experience; how is it possible that we can assign a concrete truth to such a varied conceptualization. Thus, we cannot formulate any concrete truth. In this sense I see Scientists more as Philosophers. Another issue I find when dealing with traditional scientific theories is that Science often fails to provide theories and explanations for phenomenon's that hold truth and validation in both a scientific context and the context of the human mind. I feel that Science often caters to a "black and white" way of formulating answers; it fails to recognize the gray areas. Often times people try to find the most common and accepted ways to support their theories and in doing so they adapt to the standard and more traditional ways of viewing the world. This leaves less room for creativit... ...ly in value but also politics. Both science and the judicial system produce gray areas when trying to understand and rationalize. Science and the judicial system are inextricably connected to life. We systematically try to put life in a box to create order, order insures a comfort, and that comfort often gets in the way of open-mindedness. The human mind by itself is a convoluted vast universe. We as scholars, scientists, and human kind need to understand and that by assigning truths, right or wrongs we are limiting the extend of our intellectual capacities. References 1)The Truth of Science, Physical Theories and Reality, An article from Harvard University Press http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/NEWTRU.html 2)An Overview of American Abortion Laws, A thorough explanation of the laws concerning abortions http://hometown.ao.com/abrtbng/overview.htm

Causes and the Course of the US Civil War Essay

The American Civil War created the nation of the United States as we know it today. The bloodiest war in the history of the nation, the victory was a combination of many factors and many battles that finally resulted in a Union victory. But why would a nation engage in combat so fiercely that more Americans were lost in the one war than in the American Revolution, WW1, WW2 and the Vietnam War combined? The main cause of the American Civil War was slavery. According to historian David Goldfield, â€Å"Both Northerners and Southerners recognized slavery as the immediate cause of the Civil War† and even Abraham Lincoln acknowledged this fact in his second inaugural address by saying, â€Å"An eighth of the whole population were coloured slaves, not distributed generally over the Union, but localized in the Southern part of it. These slaves constituted a peculiar and powerful interest – all knew that this interest was somehow the cause of the war.† The Civil War was fought between 1861 and 1865 between two sides – the anti-slavery, northern Union and the pro-slavery, southern Confederate States of America. The southern states’ economies and social structures were built entirely on the concept of slavery – slavery was fundamental to the entire economic and social existence. The upper class’s riches were all earned from the cotton plantati ons that provided two-thirds of the world’s cotton crop, all worked by slave labour. When the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 eventually freed the slaves, the southern states’ economies and social structures were literally turned upside down – the South lost half its capital wealth in an instant. Aside from slavery, there were several minor causes of the Civil War, including the concept of agriculture versus industry and the states’ rights to freedom from the tyranny of an overarching federal government, but these cannot be argued as the main cause of the war. If so, the war would have erupted in the 1830s with the Nullification Crisis, when President Andrew Jackson stated that South Carolina could not declare a federal tax null in their state. In reality, the Confederate government was quite demanding of its citizens, through passing the first conscription Act in the Americas, implementing national taxes, creating a national currency and having a national bureaucracy of 70 000 or more. But governmental reasons for going  to war differed from those of the soldiers. Each soldier likely had a prosaic reason for enlisting, for example, one Alabamian only enlisted after his girlfriend sent him a dress and told him that he should start wearing it if he was not willing to fight for his country. Religion also paid a main role in the Civil War – the Protestant North was high motivated to support combat if it preserved their states, ended slavery and promoted their religious denomination. Throughout the Civil War, there were numerous battles fought all across the nation, bringing the death toll to a total of 680 000. Unknown to most modern-day Americans, for the first year of the war, it seemed that the Confederates had secured a definitive victory. South Carolina had begun the war by attacking Fort Sumter. Three months later, the South then shockingly arose triumphant at the First Battle of Bull Run in Manassas, Virginia. Robert E. Lee (the commander of the Southern military) had highly energized, disciplined and trained soldiers who were fighting on home turf in Virginia on the Eastern front. The North, on the other hand, still believed that the war would be over quickly, and therefore, their soldiers were not so motivated to fight. The next major event of the war was the huge Union victory at the Battle of Shiloh near Pittsburg Landing. This area was key as it was the crossroads of the Confederates’ two main railroads. 44 000 of General Ulysses S. Grant†™s command were amassed in camps around this area and were attacked at night by the Southern soldiers. Schermann, one of Grant’s underlings, heard a noise and went out to investigate, only to realise that the entire Union force in the area was under attack. Lasting all day, and beginning the next at daybreak, the leaders had only a small Methodist chapel in which to convene to discuss potential rapid strategizing. Due to the Southerners’ element of surprise and the Northerners’ superior force, it became the most costly battle of the war to date with 23 000 dead, injured or captured, and with around equal numbers on both sides. It was then the South were to suffer a great defeat at the Battle of Antietum – Lee marched a force of 40 000 strong to Maryland on 4th September, 1862, only to be met with huge numbers of General George McClellan’s troops. 23 000 were killed in a single day, and General Lee was forced to retreat back to Virginia. After these major humiliations, it was  months before the first real turning point of the war when the tide began to turn towards a Union success. Although politically the Union made some impact with the release of the Emancipation Proclamation on 1st January, 1863, in reali ty, there was little change in the secessionist states and the war dragged onwards. An excellent execution of division tactics by Lee resulted in a Confederate victory over the new Union commander Hooker at the Battle of the Wilderness, but at a cost of 24 000 casualties. From May to July 1863, Grant laid siege to the city of Vicksburg, Mississippi, starving the population and firing shots at any soldiers who appeared on the walls of the town. After a naval landing, commander Pemberton’s force of 23 000 met Grant’s force, encircling and overrunning the city, and surprising the Southerners. The ensuing siege resulted in the Union’s control of the lower Mississippi river, after the trapped Confederates surrendered unconditionally. This blocked any avenues for shipping supplies and soldiers for the South, which was extremely important. It also split the Confederacy down the centre, disrupting order and the transfer of information and supplies from east to west. During the same month, General Lee led a force into northern territory and met with Union forces at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. After a three day battle, 50 000 men had died, a stunning blow to the South. The second important turning point of the war was over a year later in August 1864, when the Union general Sherman took Atlanta, a manufacturing and railroad centre. This capture was important politically, rather than militarily, as it was close to the elections of 1864. Lincoln had to re-run for presidency and at the time, was very unpopular with the Northern population because the war was dragging on, and families were losing their sons and fathers. A difficult win, in Atlanta, Sherman besieged the city and when the citizens did not surrender, his troops began the famous March to the Sea, a night time march of terror involving all of Sherman’s command in which the soldiers marched from inland to the city, tearing up railway tracks and destroying all things of value along the way. The March ended in Savannah, where the inhabitants surrendered. With the fall of Atlanta, the public’s view of Lincoln changed putting him in a position of superiority over his democratic opp onent, former top general George McClellan. Lincoln’s  election was an extremely important determinant of the course of the war as Lincoln was determined to have a Union victory, while McClellan did not seem to care which side was victorious, wanting only a settlement with the South. After Lincoln’s electoral victory, both the Union and the Confederates decided to wage total war, rather than the limited war that had been occurring for the last three years. In the mean time, the South was spiralling into despair, suffering under the Union naval blockade, Sherman’s campaign in Georgia, lack of international assistance, class conflicts, and a lack of money. The army began to disband, and as the Confederate leaders realized that all hope was lost, Jefferson Davis proposed peace negotiations. Delegations from the South and the North met at the Hampton Roads Conference in February 1865. Still there was no resolution to the conflict – Lincoln demanded that the South surrender unconditionally, while Davis wanted to be granted full independence. In April 1865, however, the conflict was resolved at the Battle of Appomattox when Grant’s forces broke through Confederate lines headed by Lee, forcing the Southerners into a shameful retreat. Days lat er, Lee surrendered to Grant at the Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia. With this, the Civil War had finally come to an end. The American Civil War involved four gruelling years of conflict in which approximately 680 000 lost their lives. With the northern and southern states completely divided on the issue of slavery and the existence of slavery so intrinsic to the South’s entire economic and social structures, there was much fuel for battle – a battle largely about the right to human freedom and which ultimately lead to the demise of slavery in the United States. The Civil War was a critical part of American history, a defining moment in the future of the nation, and a defining moment in the freedom of all American people henceforth.

About Robert A.M. Stern, Classically Postmodern

Hes been called a Postmodernist and also a New Urbanist. He may be a Modern Traditionalist and a New Classicist.   Robert A.M. Stern, certainly a Master Planner and architect/teacher of the 21st century, designs seemingly simple buildings that express affection for the past. Background: Born: May 23, 1939, New York City Full Name: Robert Arthur Morton Stern Education: 1960: Columbia, Bachelors degree1965: Yale, Masters degree in architecture Selected Buildings: 1990: Disney Beach Club Resort, Florida1990: Disney Yacht Club Resort, Florida1993: Norman Rockwell Museum, Stockbridge, Massachusetts1996: Disney Boardwalk Resort, Florida1998: Celebration Health, a healthcare facility for Celebration, Florida2003: The Museum Center, The Mark Twain House2004: Miami Beach Library, Miami Beach, Florida2005: Jacksonville Public Library, Florida2006: Federal Courthouse for Richmond, Virginia2008: 15 Central Park West, residential, NYC2008: International Quilt Study Center and Museum, University of Nebraska-Lincoln2010: One Museum Mile at 1280 Fifth Avenue atop the Museum for African Art, New York City2013: George W. Bush Presidential Center and Library, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas2016: 30 Park Place (formerly known as 99 Church Street), residential, Tribeca, NYC Product Design: The firm of Robert A.M. Stern Architects employs hundreds of architects, interior designers, and support staff. Product designs include furniture, lighting, fabrics, and other decorative household items. Visit Robert A.M. Stern Architects, LLP for information on product furnishings as well as an extensive display of architectural projects. Urban Planning: Although well-known for his house designs, Robert A.M. Stern has been involved in vast urban planning projects such as the 1992 renovation of 42nd Street theater block in New York City. Along with architect Jaquelin Robertson, Robert A.M. Stern was the master planner for Celebration, Florida. Other Works: Robert A.M. Stern has served as dean for the Yale School of Architecture since 1998. Stern has written or edited dozens of books about design, including the PBS television series and companion book Pride of Place: Building the American Dream. Books by Stern and Partners at Robert A.M. Stern Architects (RAMSA): Robert A. M. Stern: Houses and Gardens, Monacelli Press, 2005Robert A. M. Stern: Buildings Projects 2004-2009, Monacelli Press, 2009Robert A. M. Stern: Buildings and Projects 1999-2003, Monacelli Press, 2004Robert A. M. Stern Architects: Buildings and Projects 2010-2014, Monacelli Press, 2015Robert A. M. Stern: On Campus, Monacelli Press, 2010Designs for Living: Houses by Robert A. M. Stern Architects, Monacelli Press, 2014 Related People: After graduating from Yale, Stern briefly worked as a designer in the office of architect Richard Meier.Architect and urban designer Andres Duany once worked for Stern.Tom Piper of the Checkerboard Film Foundation made a documentary film in 2011 entitled Robert A.M Stern: 15 Central Park West and the History of the New York Apartment HouseBuy on Amazon Robert A.M. Stern Architects, LLP: RAMSA460 West 34th StreetNew York, NY 10001 Web Site:Robert A.M. Stern Architects, LLP About Robert A. M. Stern: New York architect Robert A. M. Stern takes history to heart. A postmodernist, he creates buildings that express affection for the past. Stern served on The Walt Disney Company Board of Directors from 1992 to 2003 and has designed many buildings for The Walt Disney Company. Robert A.M. Sterns Boardwalk at Disney World suggests an American seaside village from the early 20th century. The buildings illustrate the evolution of architectural styles from the Victorian to the Vienna Secessionist movement. The mini-village is not intended to be historically exact -- rather, it presents a dream-like walk past artifacts from several eras. There is an ice cream parlor, a piano bar, a 1930s dance hall, a vintage roller-coaster, and an authentic 1920s carousel. Across Crescent Lake from Boardwalk, the Yacht and Beach Club hotels were also designed by Robert A.M. Stern. The Yacht Club is modeled after Victorian Shingle architecture, a rustic yet elegant fashion on Americas Atlantic coast at the turn of the century. The Beach Club is an informal, sprawling wood structure which also reflects 19th century American resort architecture. When Stern envisioned the Casting Center, an employee training area on Route I-4 near Orlando, Florida, he wanted to express the spirit of Disney, and also to reflect the Florida locale. The result is a building that resembles a Venetian Palazzo, yet contains whimsical Disneyesque details. Hence, classical columns are topped with gold leaf Disney characters.